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Is the experimental electric furnace heat treatment process complicated?

yanyan

发表于 2020-04-28 05:32:21

Is the experimental electric furnace heat treatment process complicated?

The experimental electric furnace heat treatment process generally includes heating, heat preservation, and cooling, and sometimes only heating and cooling. These processes are connected to each other without interruption.
Experimental electric furnace heating is one of the important processes of heat treatment. There are many heating methods for metal heat treatment, the earliest is the use of charcoal and coal as the heat source, and recently the use of liquid and gas fuel. The application of the experimental electric furnace makes heating easy to control without environmental pollution. These heat sources can be used for direct heating, or can be indirectly heated by molten salt or metal, or even floating particles.
When the metal is heated, the workpiece is exposed to the air, and oxidation and decarburization often occur (that is, the carbon content of the steel part surface is reduced), which has a very adverse effect on the surface performance of the part after heat treatment. Therefore, the metal should usually be heated in a controlled atmosphere or protective atmosphere, in a molten salt and in a vacuum, and can also be protected and heated by coating or packaging methods.
The heating temperature of the experimental electric furnace is one of the important process parameters of the heat treatment process. The selection and control of the heating temperature is the main problem to ensure the quality of the heat treatment. The heating temperature varies with the metal material being processed and the purpose of the heat treatment, but it is generally heated above the phase transition temperature to obtain a high-temperature structure. In addition, the transformation requires a certain time. Therefore, when the surface of the metal workpiece reaches the required heating temperature, it must be maintained at this temperature for a certain period of time to make the internal and external temperatures consistent and complete the transformation of the microstructure. This period is called the holding time. When using high-energy density heating and surface heat treatment, the heating speed is extremely fast, generally there is no holding time, and the holding time of chemical heat treatment is often longer.
Cooling is also an indispensable step in the heat treatment process. The cooling method differs depending on the process, mainly to control the cooling rate. Generally, the cooling rate of annealing is the slowest, the cooling rate of normalizing is faster, and the cooling rate of quenching is faster. However, there are different requirements due to different steel types. For example, air-hardened steel can be hardened with the same cooling rate as normalizing.
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